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Table 1 Full immunization in 12–23 months children in Benin and unadjusted Odds Ratio by explanatory variables (Weighted)

From: Maternal healthcare utilization and full immunization coverage among 12–23 months children in Benin: a cross sectional study using population-based data

Variable Frequency Percentage Full immunization uOR 95% CI  
National 4156 100 85.4  
  Lower Upper
ANC visits
 0 474 11.4 33.1 1   
 1–3 1481 35.6 89.5 18.26*** 14.20 23.47
 4+ 2201 53.0 93.8 31.39*** 24.31 40.54
Delivery assistance
 By TBA/Others 903 21.7 60.1 1   
 By SBA/Health professional 3253 78.3 92.4 8.50*** 7.07 10.22
PNC time
 No 1372 33.0 69.2 1   
  < 24 h 2571 61.9 93.3 6.45*** 5.33 7.82
  > =1 day 213 5.1 93.2 6.79*** 3.97 11.59
Birth Size
 Larger than average 1193 28.7 86.5 1   
 Average 2365 56.9 85.5 0.96 0.79 1.17
 Smaller than average 598 14.4 82.6 0.79 0.60 1.03
Type of delivery
 Virginal birth 3978 95.7 85.0 1   
 Cesarean section 178 4.3 92.7 2.37** 1.34 4.20
Twin status
 Single birth 4064 97.8 85.3 1   
 Multiple birth 92 2.2 86.4 1.14 0.62 2.11
Sex of child
 Male 2086 50.2 86.1 1   
 Female 2070 49.8 84.6 0.89 0.75 1.05
Mother’s age
 15–19 293 7.0 84.0 1   
 20–24 1043 25.1 87.1 1.26 0.88 1.79
 25–29 1280 30.8 85.4 1.15 0.81 1.61
 30–34 812 19.5 85.1 1.07 0.75 1.53
 35–39 504 12.1 86.0 1.22 0.82 1.82
 40–44 165 4.0 78.1 0.67 0.42 1.09
 45–49 58 1.4 77.5 0.71 0.36 1.41
Marital status
 Married 3251 78.2 84.7 1   
 Cohabiting 905 21.8 87.7 1.43** 1.14 1.79
Occupational status
 Not Working 821 19.7 80.4 1   
 Working 3335 80.3 86.6 1.48*** 1.21 1.81
Wealth quintile
 Poorest 904 21.8 67.2 1   
 Poorer 861 20.7 83.2 2.20*** 1.76 2.74
 Middle 872 21.0 89.6 4.15*** 3.20 5.37
 Richer 802 19.3 92.9 6.53*** 4.81 8.86
 Richest 716 17.2 97.2 16.25*** 10.41 25.36
Religion
 Christianity 2068 49.8 92.0 1   
 Islam 1401 33.7 76.9 0.26*** 0.23 0.34
 Other 687 16.5 82.6 0.38*** 0.30 0.49
Mother’s education
 No education 2651 63.8 80.8 1   
 Primary 763 18.4 91.3 2.39*** 1.84 3.10
 Secondary/tertiary 742 17.8 95.5 5.62*** 3.89 8.11
Partner’s education
 No education 2245 54.0 78.3 1   
 Primary 864 20.8 91.3 2.52*** 1.97 3.22
 Secondary/tertiary 1047 25.2 95.5 5.74*** 4.26 7.74
Ethnicity
 Adja 570 13.7 87.9 1   
 Bariba 563 13.7 89.2 1.00 0.70 1.45
 Dendi 278 6.7 82.2 0.61* 0.41 0.91
 Fon 1395 33.6 93.4 1.74*** 1.26 2.41
 Yoa and Lokpa 129 3.1 91.7 1.40 0.72 2.73
 Betamaribe 294 7.1 84.9 0.69 0.47 1.03
 Peulh 497 12.0 52.9 0.15*** 0.11 0.20
 Yoruba 429 10.3 88.9 0.97 0.67 1.42
Parity
 One birth 840 20.2 90.9 1   
 Two births 781 18.8 85.6 0.61** 0.45 0.83
 Three births 718 17.3 97.5 0.69* 0.50 0.95
 Four or more births 1816 43.7 81.8 0.450.35 0.59  
Frequency of reading newspaper or magazine
 Not at all 3917 94.2 84.8 1   
 Less than once a week 145 3.5 96.2 5.26*** 2.15 12.89
 At least once a week 94 2.3 93.7 3.44*** 1.39 8.51
Frequency of listening to radio
 Not at all 1830 44.0 80.4 1   
 Less than once a week 915 22.0 88.4 1.79*** 1.42 2.25
 At least once a week 1411 34.0 89.8 2.12*** 1.73 2.60
Frequency of watching television
 Not at all 2765 66.5 81.6 1   
 Less than once a week 689 16.6 89.5 1.83*** 1.42 2.36
 At least once a week 702 16.9 96.0 5.20*** 3.59 7.55
Place of residence
 Urban 1532 36.9 91.0 1   
 Rural 2624 63.1 82.1 0.45*** 0.37 0.54
Region
 Alibori 592 14.3 77.1 1   
 Atacora 379 9.1 80.8 1.30 0.95 1.78
 Atlantic 410 9.9 93.8 3.61*** 2.34 5.59
 Borgou 545 13.1 69.8 0.66*** 0.50 0.86
 Collines 272 6.5 90.9 2.94*** 1.94 4.45
 Couffo 304 7.3 82.3 1.49*** 1.04 2.13
 Donga 236 5.7 89.9 2.50*** 1.61 3.88
 Littoral 163 3.9 96.3 10.38*** 4.77 22.61
 Mono 187 4.5 94.1 5.55*** 2.93 10.53
 Oueme 360 8.7 96.1 7.25*** 4.02 13.09
 Plateau 268 6.4 83.1 4.11*** 2.70 6.28
 Zou 439 10.6 92.9    
  1. uOR unadjusted Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval 1 = reference category * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
  2. Source: 2018 Benin Demographic and Health Survey
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